The field of software engineering is one that is quite democratized in that it facilitates inclusion by reducing the entry barrier to just a laptop, electricity, internet connection and a desire to learn. As a result of the above, we have so many software engineers who didn't study computer science at the university.
THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF DEVELOPERS
There are basically three types of software engineers (based on the way they got into the industry); we have the guys who studied computer science and dived into software engineering, we have people who didn't study computer science and paid for a Bootcamp or some bespoke training on software engineering and there are people who were self-taught all the way by leveraging videos, books and other learning resources.
A CURRICULUM PROVIDES STRUCTURE AND STANDARDS
It is generally agreed that software engineers who have a computer science background tend to have an edge over other types of software engineers, the subject of a distinction between Bootcamp software engineers and self-taught software engineers is still a debate. I believe one of the defining edges that Bootcamp software engineers have over self-taught software engineers is the curriculum. More often than not, self-taught software engineers don't work with a curriculum and end up studying without any structure, while they're able to build things they sometimes lack knowledge of some things that they would have heard or learned about in structured training.
HAVING A NETWORK CAN SOMETIMES BE INVALUABLE
The rich network of fellow software engineers, as well as seniors that provides mentorship, can be a huge factor that differentiates those who had some form of formal training at the start of their career from those who didn't. A lot of times opportunities are derived from this rich network and software engineers tend to leverage their network of developers when they're going through a challenge.
All in all, regardless of how a developer gets into the industry, over time the differences between these developers tend to reduce if all things are equal. A structured curriculum, as well as access to colleagues and mentors, tend to make a lot of difference when evaluating how grounded a software engineer is as a junior.